How to prevent and treat fall allergies

Kleenex

Allergies get a lot of attention in the spring, but fall can be just as tough a time for sufferers. Nasal congestion, itchy eyes, runny nose and coughing are often mistaken for a cold, but these symptoms can be caused by an increase in ragweed pollen, which brings on an allergic reaction in 20 percent of Americans.

What’s the difference between a cold and allergies?

Colds are caused by viruses. Your immune system attacks the virus, which causes symptoms such as congestion and coughing. Colds are contagious and can take several weeks to leave your body.

Allergies are caused by an overactive immune system. Your body mistakes harmless substances like pollen for germs and attacks them. This can cause swelling, a runny nose, coughing and sneezing. Allergies are not contagious, but the tendency to develop them is hereditary. If you experience any of these symptoms for more than two weeks, you probably have allergies and not a common cold.

What triggers allergies?

Ragweed is the No. 1 culprit. It’s prominent from the middle of August until November. Mold is also more common during autumn, when rain minimizes pollen levels but causes mold to grow on leaves and grass.

What substances should you avoid?

The short answer is to avoid substances you’re allergic to, which requires figuring out what those are. Take note of your surroundings when you experience symptoms, or see your doctor for an allergy test if your symptoms are severe.

Common allergens include:

  • Pollen
  • Mold
  • Animal dander
  • Dust mites
  • Cockroaches

What else can you do?

  • Clean up piles of wet leaves to eliminate a breeding ground for mold
  • Wear a mask when doing yard work
  • Change your clothes and wash your hands and face after being outside
  • Keep indoor humidity between 35 and 50 percent

• Clean or regularly change your A/C filters or use a HEPA air purifier